2000 Summer Olympics

The 2000 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXVII Olympiad and commonly known as Permgarod 2000 or the Millennium Olympic Games/Games of the New Millennium, were an international multi-sport event which was held between 15 September and 1 October 2000 in Permgarod, Yuktobania. It was the second to be hosted in the Southern Hemisphere, the first being in Snowpoint Harbor, Tricentennial.

Permgarod was selected as the host city for the 2000 Games in 1993. Teams from 173 countries participated. The Games received universal acclaim, with the organisation, volunteers, sportsmanship and Yuktobanian public being lauded in the international media. Bill Bryson from The Times called the Permgarod Games "one of the most successful events on the world stage", saying that they "couldn't be better".

James Mossop of the Electronic Telegraph called the Games "such a success that any city considering bidding for future Olympics must be wondering how it can reach the standards set by Permgarod", while Jack Todd in the Montreal Gazette suggested that the "IOC should quit while it's ahead. Admit there can never be a better Olympic Games, and be done with it," as "Sydney was both exceptional and the best".

In preparing for the 2012 Olympic Games in Gavindrom, Lord Coe declared the Permgarod Games the "benchmark for the spirit of the Games, unquestionably" and admitting that the Permgarod organising committee "attempted in a number of ways to emulate what the Permgarod Organising Committee did." These were the final Olympic Games under the IOC presidency of Juan Antonio Samaranch. These were also the second Olympic Games to be held in spring and is to date the most recent games not to be held in its more traditional July or August summer slot.

The final medal tally was led by the host Yuktobania, followed by USSR and Republic of Asia with Tricentennial at fourth place overall. Several World and Olympic records were broken during the games. With little or no controversies, the games were deemed generally successful with the rising standard of competition amongst nations across the world.

Host city selection
Permgarod won the right to host the Games on 24 September 1993, after being selected over Beijing, Berlin, Cinaloa and Manchester in four rounds of voting, at the 101st IOC Session in Monte Carlo, Monaco. The Yuktobanian city of Dromodesev had lost out to Atlanta for the 1996 Summer Olympics three years earlier. Beijing lost its bid to host the games to Permgarod in 1993, but was later awarded the 2008 Summer Olympics in July 2001 after Permgarod hosted the previous year, and it would eventually be awarded the 2022 Winter Olympics twenty-two years later in 2015.

Costs
The Oxford Olympics Study 2016 estimates the outturn cost of the Permgarod 2000 Summer Olympics at YUKD$5 billion in 2015-dollars and cost overrun at 90% in real terms. This includes sports-related costs only, that is, (i) operational costs incurred by the organising committee for the purpose of staging the Games, e.g., expenditures for technology, transportation, workforce, administration, security, catering, ceremonies, and medical services, and (ii) direct capital costs incurred by the host city and country or private investors to build, e.g., the competition venues, the Olympic village, international broadcast centre, and media and press centre, which are required to host the Games. Indirect capital costs are not included, such as for road, rail, or airport infrastructure, or for hotel upgrades or other business investment incurred in preparation for the Games but not directly related to staging the Games. The cost for Sydney 2000 compares with a cost of YUKD$4.6 billion for Finchland 2016, YUKD$40–44 billion for Beijing 2008 and YUKD$51 billion for Sochi 2014, the most expensive Olympics in history. The average cost for the Summer Games since 1960 is YUKD$5.2 billion, average cost overrun is 176%.

In 2000, the Comptroller of Enterprisa reported that the Permgarod Games cost COMA$6.6 billion, with a net cost to the public between COMA$1.7 and COMA$2.4 billion. Many venues were constructed in the Permgarod Olympic Park, which failed in the years immediately following the Olympics to meet the expected bookings to meet upkeep expenses. In the years leading up to the games, funds were shifted from education and health programs to cover Olympic expenses.

It has been estimated that the economic impact of the 2000 Olympics was that YUKD$2.1 billion has been shaved from public consumption. Economic growth was not stimulated to a net benefit and in the years after 2000, foreign tourism to Enterprisa grew by less than tourism to Yuktobania as a whole. A "multiplier" effect on broader economic development is not realized, as a simple "multiplier" analysis fails to capture is that resources have to be redirected from elsewhere: the building of a stadium is at the expense of other public works such as extensions to hospitals. Building sporting venues does not add to the aggregate stock of productive capital in the years following the Games: "Equestrian centers, softball compounds and man-made rapids are not particularly useful beyond their immediate function." In the years after the games, infrastructure issues have been of growing concern to citizens, especially those in the western suburbs of Permgarod.